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Week 6: Earth, Sun, Moon

What are your best understandings about....
    How the phases of the moon occur? 
Depending on the earths rotation and how much of the sun is covering it. I think of it as a shadow.

    What causes the seasons? 
Northern and Sountern hemisphere, which side is closer to the sun, as the earth rotates 
    What causes a lunar eclipse? 
When the sun and moon align. 



The big question addressed in lab, and a description of what you did.
Seasons depend on the tilt of the earth. If northern hempishere is tillted towards sun, that means it is summer. If it is tilted away, it would be winter. The earth's orbit is almost exaclty a perfect circle. 

Sun, moon, earth - new moon : solar ecplise- perfect position aligned 
sun, earth, moon- full moon : lunar ecplise- perfeectly alligned 

the moon has its own movement on its own access therefore sometimes it is aligned with the sun and moon (eclipse) and other times its not (higher or lower position) 

Genocentric - earth centered 

 Heliocentric - sun centered 

Copernicus - discovered earth moves around the sun 

Galileo - discovered telescope 

Plane of Elicptic- same horizon, all plants are on same plane of elicptic

Equinox and solstice 

pluto does not fall in our plane of elipctic 

If the sun is rising in the east at 7am, while the moon is setting in the west, what phase of the moon is it and how do you know? 
- full moon


A description of what you learned in Thursday's lecture.


  1. It was 11am . I looked outside just before coming to class and the moon was just rising. What phase was it? (Hypothetical) 

  • Quarter moon (L)


  • Full moon - sun, earth, moon 

  • New moon - sun, moon earth


  1. Correct orbit around the sun is a perfect circle

  2. Correct Order 

    1. Clouds, moon, sun, pluto, stars 

  3. SOmetimes you can only see half the moon. What causes the moon to change its appearance in this way? 

    1. Lunar eclipse

  4. Phases of the moon

    1. New, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full, waning gibbous, third quarter, waning crescent

    2. 2 full moons in a month > blue moon (very rare)

    3. FUll moon Occurs every 28 ish days 


Seasons

  • Equinox (Sept, 22) ->  Solstice (Dec. 21) ->  Equinox (March 20) -> solstice (June 21)

  • Tilted 23.4 degrees 

  • Shadows, equators

Lines on earth

  • Earths axis 

  • Arctic circle

  • Tropic of cancer

  • Equator

  • Tropic of capricorn 

  • Antarctica circle 

  • Closest in january 4th

  • Why do we have seasons?

    • Depends on earth's orbit, distance from sun, farthest january 5th 


What causes a lunar eclipse?


If the moon is directly above me at noon, what phase of the moon is it and how do you know? 

  • New moon


Answer questions about the weekly textbook reading:

What did you learn?
The book was a helpful resource to review what was discussed in lab. Heliocentric vs Geocentric. 
At first humans belived hat the Earth was at the genter of the universe - geocentric, however, as more astronomers conducted more research and now refer to it is heliocentric meaning the sun is at the center of the solar system. 
What was most helpful?
The section that described seasons was helpful, it refered back to the video that we watched for this weeks reflections. It provided a full explanation on why seasons occur. 
The image under the section also provided a good visual understanding that when Earth is tilted, the hemisphere closer to the sun determinds the season ex) June the Earth is titled towards the sun north of the equator has summer, south of equator has winter. 
What do you need more information on?
More scenerios like we did in class would be helpful for review, like determining what phase the moon is based on the time of the day/
What questions/concerns/comments do you have?

 When the earth moves around the orbit, does it tilt towards the sun for the seasons to change? How is that motion desrcibed? 

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